Lifofane tse holimo tsa Turkey: Kakaretso ea Maeto a Sefofane Turkey
Turkey, e leng naha e nkang lik'honthinente tse peli, e thehile boteng ba bohlokoa lefats'eng la lifofane. E na le histori e ruileng, libaka tse ngata tse fapaneng tsa lifofane le mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lifofane, Turkey e fa baeti mefuta e mengata e tsotehang ea ho hlahloba naha ea habo bona kapa ho nka maeto a machaba. Sehloohong sena, re tla shebana le lifofane tse etellang pele tsa Turkey tse bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa lipalangoang tsa moea lefatšeng ka bophara.
1. Turkish Airlines: sefofane se seholo ka ho fetisisa naheng
Turkish Airlines, eo hangata e khutsufatsoang e le Turkish Airlines kapa Türk Hava Yolları, ke sefofane sa naha sa Turkey ebile ke se seng sa lifofane tse kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng. Mona ke tlhaloso e sa reroang ho tsoa ho Turkish Airlines:
Turkish Airlines e motlotlo ho ba lebitso le tsebahalang lefatšeng ka bophara indastering ea lifofane mme e thehiloe ho Istanbul, toropo e kholo ka ho fetisisa Türkiye. E na le likepe tse khahlang le marang-rang a pharalletseng, e sebeletsa linaha tse fetang 120 lefatšeng ka bophara.
E 'ngoe ea likarolo tse hlahelletseng tsa Turkish Airlines ke boema-fofane ba Istanbul, bo nkoang e le bo bong ba boemafofane ba sejoale-joale ebile bo boholo ka ho fetisisa Europe. Boema-fofane bona bo sebetsa e le setsi sa boema-fofane 'me bo fa bapalami boiphihlelo ba maemo a holimo ka lits'ebeletso le lits'ebeletso tse ngata.
Lifofane tsa Turkish Airlines ke tsa sejoale-joale ebile lia phutholoha, 'me basebetsi ba ka sekepeng ba tsebahala ka kamohelo ea bona ea baeti le tšebeletso e ntle haholo. Hore na o ea khoebong kapa o ithabisa, Turkish Airlines e fana ka boiphihlelo bo monate ba ho fofa le mefuta e mengata ea maeto.
Turkish Airlines e motlotlo ka linyehelo tsa eona tsa Sehlopha sa Khoebo le Sehlopha sa Pele Bokhabane le boiketlo fana ka boemo bo holimo. Bahahlauli ba ka lebella ho jela le boithabiso ba maemo a pele ka sekepeng.
Ka marang-rang a litsela tsa machaba, likepe tse tsotehang le tse shebaneng le boleng le khotsofalo ea bareki, Turkish Airlines e iketselitse botumo bo botle lefatšeng la lifofane. Haeba u rera ho etela kapa ho feta Turkey, Turkish Airlines ke sefofane seo u lokelang ho se nahana.
Hore na o ea khoebong kapa o ikhatholla, Turkish Airlines e fana ka boiphihlelo ba maeto a boemo ba pele mme e tsebahala ka ho ts'epahala le ho amohela baeti. Haeba u batla sefofane bakeng sa leeto la hau le latelang, Turkish Airlines ke khetho e ntle haholo.
historing ea
Ho tloha ha e thehoa ka 1933, Turkish Airlines e se e holile ho ba e 'ngoe ea lifofane tse ka sehloohong lefatšeng. Ba tsebahala ka kamohelo ea bona ea baeti le boleng ba litšebeletso, e leng se ba fumaneng likhau tse ngata.
- Ho thehoa (1933): Turkish Airlines e thehiloe ka May 20, 1933 'me ea qala ho sebetsa ka lifofane tse hlano feela. Lilemong tsa eona tsa pele, sefofane se ne se tsepamisitse maikutlo haholo ho lifofane tsa lapeng le ho sebeletsa litoropong tsa Turkey.
- Katoloso ea machaba (1956): Turkish Airlines e qalile sefofane sa eona sa pele sa machaba ho ea Athene, Greece ka 1956. Sena se ile sa tšoaea qalo ea keketseho ea tsona ea machaba.
- Mehleng ea kajeno (1980s): Lilemong tsa bo-1980, Turkish Airlines e ile ea qala ho nchafatsa likepe tsa eona 'me ea itšetleha ka lifofane tsa Boeing le Airbus. Sena se thusitse ho eketsa boiketlo ba sefofane le ho holisa phihlello ea sefofane.
- Star Alliance (2008): Turkish Airlines e ile ea ikopanya le Star Alliance, e leng e 'ngoe ea lilekane tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa lifofane lefatšeng, ka 2008. Sena se lumelletse sefofane ho atolosa marang-rang a sona a litsela tsa machaba haholo le ho fa bapalami khokahanyo ea lefats'e.
- Boema-fofane ba Istanbul (2019): Ka Mmesa 2019, Turkish Airlines e ile ea fallisetsa ntlo-kholo ea eona le ts'ebetso ea eona Boema-fofane bo bocha ba Istanbul, e nkoang e le e 'ngoe ea boema-fofane bo boholo le ba sejoale-joale Europe. Mohato ona o totobalitse boitlamo ba sefofane sa kholo le katleho.
- Kgolo le kananelo (2020s): Turkish Airlines e tsoetse pele ho hola mme e amohetse likhau tse ngata bakeng sa boleng ba eona ba lits'ebeletso le linyehelo tsa sefofane. E tsebahala ka sehlopha sa eona sa khoebo le lits'ebeletso tsa maemo a pele hammoho le libaka tse ngata tse fapaneng lefatšeng ka bophara.
- Seoa sa Covid-19 (2020): Joalo ka lifofane tse ling tse ngata, Turkish Airlines e anngoe ke phello ea seoa sa Covid-19. Leha ho le joalo, sefofane se nkile mehato ea ho netefatsa polokeho ea bapalami le ho boloka ts'ebetso.
Histori ea Turkish Airlines e khetholloa ka boitlamo ba eona ba ho fa bapalami ba eona litšebeletso tsa boemo ba pele le libaka tse ngata tse fapaneng. E fetohile e 'ngoe ea lifofane tse tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa le tse kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng' me e kenya letsoho haholo khokahanyong ea Turkey le lefats'e. Turkish Airlines ke sebapali se ka sehloohong indastering ea lifofane ea machaba 'me e ikemiselitse ho ntlafatsa boleng le boqapi.
likepe
Sekepe sa Turkish Airlines ke se seng sa tsa sejoale-joale ebile se fapane lefatšeng ka bophara, se nang le motsoako oa lifofane tsa Airbus le Boeing tse loketseng maeto a makhutšoane, a mahareng le a nako e telele.
- Airbus A319: Turkish Airlines e sebelisa lifofane tse 'maloa tsa Airbus A319 tse sebelisetsoang maeto a makhutšoane le a mahareng. Lifofane tsena li ka nka bapalami ba ka bang 126.
- Lelapa la Airbus A320: Turkish Airlines e na le palo e kholo ea lifofane tsa Airbus A320, ho kenyeletsoa A320, A321 le A321neo. Lifofane tsena li sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa lifofane tsa malapeng le tsa maeto a makhutšoane.
- Airbus A330: Turkish Airlines e sebelisa liphetolelo tsa A330-200 le A330-300 bakeng sa lifofane tse nkang nako e telele. Lifofane tsena li fana ka bokhoni bo boholo le matšeliso bakeng sa lifofane tsa machaba.
- Boeing 737: Sefofane se sebetsa ka mefuta e 'maloa ea lelapa la Boeing 737, ho kenyelletsa le Boeing 737-700, 737-800 le 737-900ER, ho koahela mefuta e fapaneng ea lifofane tse khutšoane le tse mahareng.
- Boeing 777: Turkish Airlines e na le sehlopha se tsotehang sa lifofane tsa Boeing 777, ho kenyelletsa le Boeing 777-300ER, e sebelisoang litseleng tse telele. Lifofane tsena li fana ka ntlo ea boemo ba pele le boiketlo.
- Boeing 787 Dreamliner: Turkish Airlines e boetse e kentse Boeing 787-9 Dreamliner likepeng tsa eona ho eketsa ts'ebetso le boiketlo bakeng sa lifofane tsa machaba.
- Airbus A350: Sefofane se laetse sefofane sa Airbus A350 XWB ho ikopanya le sehlopha sa sona nakong e tlang. Lifofane tsena li lebelletsoe ho nka maeto a malelele 'me li fana ka theknoloji ea morao-rao le boiketlo.
maikemisetso
Turkish Airlines e fofa ho ea libakeng tse ngata lefatšeng ka bophara ho feta sefofane sefe kapa sefe, se koahelang libaka tse fetang 300 lik'honthinenteng tse tšeletseng, ho kenyeletsoa likhokahano tse pharalletseng Europe, Asia, Afrika le Amerika.
2. SunExpress: Sefofane sa theko e tlase se nang le litefiso tse ngata bakeng sa libaka tsa phomolo tsa leoatle Turkey
SunExpress e thehiloe ka 1989 e le khoebo e kopanetsoeng lipakeng tsa Turkey Airlines ea Turkey le sefofane sa Jeremane Lufthansa. Khampani e ikarabella ho Antalya, sebaka sa bohlokoa sa bahahlauli Turkey.
historing ea
Ho tloha ha e thehoa ka 1989, SunExpress e hahile marang-rang a tiileng 'me e itlhomme e le khetho e tšepahalang bakeng sa maeto pakeng tsa Turkey le Europe.
- Ho thehoa (1989): SunExpress e thehiloe ka 1989 e le khoebo e kopanetsoeng pakeng tsa sefofane sa Turkey Turkish Airlines le sefofane sa Jeremane Lufthansa. Sepheo se seholo e ne e le ho khothaletsa bohahlauli Turkey le ho fana ka likhokahano tsa moea le libaka tse tummeng tsa phomolo.
- Lifofane tsa pele le kholo (bo-1990): Sefofane se qalile ho sebetsa ka 1990 mme sa qala ho fana ka lifofane ho tloha metseng e fapaneng ea Jeremane ho ea libakeng tsa phomolo tsa Turkey. Lilemong tsa bo-1990, SunExpress e bile le kholo e tsoelang pele 'me ea atolosa marang-rang a litsela.
- Likepe tsa sejoale-joale le katoloso (ea bo-2000): SunExpress e tsetelelitse lifofaneng tsa sejoale-joale, haholo-holo Boeing 737s, ho eketsa boiketlo le katleho ea lifofane. Lilemong tsa bo-2000, sefofane se ile sa atolosa marang-rang a litsela tsa machaba 'me sa fana ka lifofane ho ea libakeng tse ling tsa phomolo Europe le Turkey.
likepe
Likepe tsa SunExpress li na le lifofane tsa Boeing 737, ho kenyelletsa le mefuta ea Boeing 737-800 le Boeing 737-900. Lifofane tsena li reretsoe ho nka maeto a makhutšoane le a mahareng 'me li ka amohela palo e kholo ea bapalami.
maikemisetso
Haholo-holo SunExpress e sebeletsa libaka tsa matsatsi a phomolo Europe 'me e fana ka mefuta e mengata ea lifofane ho ea libakeng tse tummeng tsa matsatsi a phomolo. Sefofane se fofa ho tloha Turkey ho ea libakeng tsa machaba hammoho le ho tloha metseng e fapaneng ea Europe ho ea libakeng tsa phomolo tse Turkey le libakeng tse ling.
3. Pegasus Airlines: Sefofane sa theko e tlase se nang le maeto a hlophisitsoeng le a hira
Pegasus Airlines ke sefofane sa Turkey se thehiloeng Istanbul, Türkiye. Sefofane se sebetsa ka ho khetheha ka lifofane tse theko e tlaase 'me se sebeletsa litsela tsa lehae le tsa machaba. Pegasus Airlines e latela mohlala oa theko e tlase 'me e fana ka lifofane ka litheko tsa tlholisano. Khamphani ea lifofane e sebetsa ka thata ho ntlafatsa litšenyehelo tsa eona tsa ts'ebetso le ho fa bapalami likhetho tse baballang chelete e ngata.
historing ea
E thehiloe ka 1990, Pegasus Airlines e itlhomme kapele e le e 'ngoe ea lifofane tse tsebahalang haholo tsa lichelete Turkey le Europe.
- Mothehi (1990s): Pegasus Airlines e thehiloe ka 1989 'me lifofane tsa eona tsa pele li qalile ka 1990. Sefofane sa lifofane se ile sa qala ho sebetsa se tsepamisitse maikutlo ho lifofane tse theko e tlaase ho etsa hore leeto le be le theko e tlaase bakeng sa bapalami ba bangata.
- Privatization (2005): Ka 2005, Pegasus Airlines e ile ea etsoa private mme ea fetoha thepa ea ESAS Holding, sehlopha sa lik'hamphani tsa Turkey.
likepe
Likepe tsa Pegasus Airlines li na le lifofane tsa lelapa tsa Airbus A320, ho kenyeletsoa A320 le A321. Lifofane tsena li etselitsoe maeto a makhutšoane le a mahareng, 'me li ka amohela baeti ba bangata.
maikemisetso
Pegasus Airlines e fana ka marang-rang a pharaletseng a litsela Europe, Middle East le Asia Bohareng. Sefofane se fofa ho tloha boema-fofane bo fapaneng Turkey ho ea litoropong tse fapaneng libakeng tsena, se fa bapalami tsela e theko e tlaase ea ho fihla libakeng tsa machaba.
4. AnadoluJet: Sefofane sa theko e tlaase sa Turkish Airlines
Anadolujet, e leng lekala la Turkish Airlines, e fana ka likhetho tsa lifofane tsa theko e tlaase, haholo-holo ka hare ho Turkey le libakeng tse ling tsa machaba. E tsebahala ka ho ts'epahala le litefiso tsa eona tsa theko e tlase, Anadolujet ke khetho e tsebahalang bakeng sa baeti ba tekanyetso.
historing ea
E thehiloe ka 2008 e le karolo ea Turkish Airlines, Anadolujet e qalile ka lebaka la 'maraka o ntseng o hola oa theko e tlase. Sepheo sa bona e ne e le ho fana ka likhetho tse theko e tlaase tsa maeto ka har'a Turkey, leha hamorao ba ile ba atolosa mapheo a bona ho ea libakeng tsa machaba.
likepe
Likepe tsa AnadoluJet li na le lifofane tsa Boeing 737, ho kenyelletsa le mefuta ea 737-800 le 737-700. Lifofane tsena li etselitsoe maeto a makhutšoane le a mahareng 'me li ka amohela palo e kholoanyane ea bapalami.
maikemisetso
AnadoluJet e sebeletsa haholo ka lifofane tsa lapeng Turkey mme e fana ka likhokahano lipakeng tsa litoropo le libaka tse fapaneng tsa naha. Sefofane se tsepamisitse maikutlo ho faneng ka baeti ba tekanyetso tsela e theko e tlaase ea ho potoloha Turkey.
5. Corendon Airlines: Sefofane sa theko e tlaase se nang le likhokahano tsa machaba
Corendon Airlines ke sefofane se hiriloeng sa Turkey se sebetsanang le lifofane tsa matsatsi a phomolo tse eang Turkey, Europe le Afrika Leboea. O tsebahala ka sehlopha sa hae se amohelang baeti le litšebeletso tse sebetsang hantle.
historing ea
Ho tloha ha e thehoa ka 2005, Corendon Airlines e iketselitse lebitso la eona e le sefofane se ka tšeptjoang se tsamaisang bahahlauli ho ea libakeng tse tummeng tsa phomolo.
likepe
Sekepe sena se na le lifofane tse ngata tsa Boeing 737, tse loketseng maeto a ho hira le ho phomola.
maikemisetso
Corendon Airlines e sebeletsa haholo libaka tsa boikhathollo ho pholletsa le Europe, ho kenyeletsoa Turkey, hammoho le libaka tse ling tsa Afrika Leboea le Middle East.
6. Tailwind Airlines: Sefofane sa ho hira se nang le litefiso
Tailwind Airlines ke sefofane se hiriloeng sa Turkey se sebetsanang le lifofane tsa matsatsi a phomolo 'me se isa bahahlauli ba Europe ho ea libakeng tsa phomolo tsa Turkey.
historing ea
E thehiloe ka 2009, Tailwind Airlines e itlhomme kapele lefatšeng la lifofane tse hiriloeng mme e fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa boleng bo holimo.
likepe
Likepe tsena li na le lifofane tsa Boeing 737, tse loketseng lifofane tse hiriloeng le tsa boikhathollo.
maikemisetso
Tailwind Airlines e shebane le lifofane tsa boikhathollo tse tlohang Europe ho ea Turkey le ka tsela e fapaneng, e totobatsa libaka tse tummeng tsa phomolo.
7. Freebird Airlines: Charter ea lifofane ho ea libakeng tsa phomolo Turkey
Freebird Airlines ke sefofane se hiriloeng sa Turkey se fofang haholo libakeng tsa phomolo tsa Europe. E tsebahala ka ho feto-fetoha ha eona le ho tšepahala indastering ea lifofane tse hiriloeng.
historing ea
Ho tloha ha e qala ka 2000, Freebird Airlines e ntse e tsoela pele ho hola ka ho shebana le boleng le khotsofalo ea bareki.
likepe
Likepe tsena li na le lifofane tsa lelapa tsa Airbus A320, tse tsejoang ka katleho le boiketlo ba tsona litseleng tse mahareng.
maikemisetso
Freebird Airlines e fofela libakeng tsa phomolo ho pholletsa le Europe, e shebane le libaka tsa Mediterranean.
8. Mavi Gok Airlines
Mavi Gök Airlines, e sa tsejoeng haholo ho feta lifofane tse ling tsa Turkey, e fana ka litšebeletso tsa libaka, e hokahanyang metse e menyenyane ea Turkey le litsi tse kholoanyane.
historing ea
Sefofane sena sa lebatooa se thehiloe ka sepheo sa ho ntlafatsa le ho holisa lipalangoang tsa sefofane libakeng tse sa sebeletsoang haholo Turkey.
likepe
Likepe tsena li na le lifofane tse nyane tse loketseng litšebeletso tsa maeto a makhutšoane le tsa libaka.
maikemisetso
Mavi Gök Airlines e shebana haholo le lifofane tsa lapeng mme e hokahanya libaka tse fapaneng tsa Türkiye.
9. Southwind Airlines
Southwind Airlines ke sefofane se senyenyane sa Turkey se sebetsanang le lifofane tsa lapeng le litsela tsa libaka ka hare ho Turkey.
historing ea
Sefofane sena se ile sa qalisoa ka sepheo sa ho ntlafatsa khokahanyo ea lipalangoang tsa lifofane libakeng tsa libaka tsa Turkey.
likepe
Likepe tsena li na le lifofane tse nyenyane, tse tsamaisoang habonolo, tse loketseng maeto a makhutšoane le tse sa tsamaeng hangata.
maikemisetso
Southwind Airlines e shebane le lifofane tsa lapeng mme e hokahanya litoropo le libaka tse fapaneng tsa Turkey.
fihlela qeto e
Lifofane tsa Turkey li hlahile e le sehlopha se tšosang sa libapali indastering ea lifofane. Ho tloha Turkish Airlines, e leng e 'ngoe ea lifofane tse kholo ka ho fetisisa le tse tummeng ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, ho ea ho likoloi tse theko e tlaase tse kang Pegasus Airlines le AnadoluJet, lik'hamphani tsena li fana ka mefuta e mengata ea likhokahano tsa lifofane le litšebeletso ho finyella litlhoko tsa baeti. Matsete a likepe tsa sejoale-joale, boleng ba lits'ebeletso le khokahano ea lefats'e li thusitse ho etsa hore Turkey e be setsi se seholo sa maeto sebakeng sena le ho feta. Bakeng sa baeti, sena se bolela hore ba na le mekhoa e mengata ea ho hlahloba litoropo tse khahlang tsa Turkey, mabōpo a leoatle le matlotlo a setso ha ba ntse ba thabela maeto a machaba. Phapang le boleng ba lifofane tsa Turkey li etsa hore e be karolo ea bohlokoa ea indasteri ea lifofane ea lefats'e, e fanang ka menyetla e sa feleng ea ho etela le ho hlahloba.
