Kulanakauhale kahiko o Tlos: Culture and Archeology - 2024

He aha ka mea e pono ai ʻo Tlos ma kāu papa inoa huakaʻi?

ʻO Tlos, kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale Lycian kahiko loa a mahalo loa i Turkey, he wahi e hanu ai i ka mōʻaukala. E noʻonoʻo i ka hele ʻana ma waena o nā wahi neoneo e haʻi ana i nā moʻolelo i hala mau tausani makahiki. Mai nā hale kupapaʻu pōhaku like acropolis e piʻi ana i ka lani a i nā koena o ka hale keaka kahiko, ʻo Tlos kahi kahua o nā mea kupanaha kahiko.

He aha ka moʻolelo o Tlos?

Noho ʻia i ka wā Lycian, Roman a me Byzantine, ʻike ʻia ʻo Tlos no kona mau lua kupapaʻu pōhaku, nā lua liona a me nā pā puʻu kupanaha. ʻO kona wahi hoʻolālā ma luna o ke awāwa ʻo Xanthos i lilo ia i lālā koʻikoʻi o ka Lycian League. Hōʻike nā wahi neoneo i nā moʻolelo o nā hakakā gladiator, nā moʻomeheu kahiko a me nā waiwai huna.

He puka makani i ka wā kahiko o Lycia

ʻO Tlos kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale kahiko loa a koʻikoʻi o ka moʻomeheu Lycian a ke nānā nei i hope i kahi moʻolelo hanana i hoʻomaka i ka 4000 mau makahiki i hala. ʻO ia kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale nui ʻeono o Lukia a ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ʻo "ke kūlanakauhale ʻālohilohi ma ka puʻu" no kona wahi nui a me ka nani.

Hoʻoholo mua a me ka mea nui

ʻO ka noho mua ʻana ma Tlos mai ka makahiki 14 BC. BC. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia no kona mau pā paʻa paʻa a me kona wahi hoʻolālā, kahi i hana nui i nā kaua Lycian a me Peresia. He koʻikoʻi a ikaika ke kūlanakauhale i loko o ka Lycian League, kahi kumu hoʻohālike mua o kahi hui demokalaka i ka wā kahiko.

Aloha i ka wā kahiko

Ua hoʻomau ka holomua o Tlos i ka wā Roma. Ua hauʻoli ke kūlanakauhale i ka pōmaikaʻi, e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia e nā hale kupapaʻu pōhaku nani, ka hale keaka a me nā ʻauʻau. ʻO nā hale kupapaʻu nani, me ka hale kupapaʻu kaulana o Bellerophon, ke ola nei a hiki i kēia lā a hāʻawi i ka ʻike i ka manaʻoʻiʻo a me ka hana akamai o nā Lycians.

Tlos ma Byzantine a me Post-Antique Wā

Ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o ke aupuni Roma, ua lilo ʻo Tlos i ʻāpana o ke aupuni Byzantine. Ua ola ke kūlanakauhale no kekahi mau keneturi hou aʻe ma mua o ka nalo ʻana o ke koʻikoʻi i ka wā o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ʻArabia a me ka lanakila ʻana o Tureke. Eia nō naʻe, ua noho ʻia a hiki i ke kenekulia 19, e kuhikuhi ana i kona lōʻihi a me kona koʻikoʻi.

Nā ʻike archaeological a me nā haʻawina

He kahua archaeological koʻikoʻi ʻo Tlos i kēia manawa. ʻO nā wahi ʻino nui, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau ke kahua pāʻani, ka necropolis a me ka basilica Byzantine, hoʻokipa i nā haumāna a me nā mākaʻikaʻi. Hāʻawi nui ka hana a me ka noiʻi ma Tlos i ka ʻike maikaʻi ʻana i ka moʻomeheu Lycian a me ka mōʻaukala.

Tlos i kēia lā: He hoʻoilina moʻomeheu ola

ʻO ka pūnaewele o Tlos i kēia manawa he hōʻike ola i nā moʻomeheu kahiko a hāʻawi i nā malihini i ka manawa e komo hohonu i ka mōʻaukala. He kumu hoʻohālike koʻikoʻi ia o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o Lycian a me ka hoʻolālā kūlanakauhale a hōʻike i kahi kumu hoʻololi ʻole o ka ʻike mōʻaukala a me ka hoʻoilina moʻomeheu.

Ma Tlos, hui pū ka moʻolelo a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ka wā kahiko a me kēia manawa. Hiki i kēlā me kēia malihini ke ʻauwana i kona mau alanui kahiko ke ʻike i nā leo o ka mōʻaukala a lilo i ʻāpana o kahi moʻolelo lōʻihi i mamao loa mai ka haʻi ʻia a hiki i kona hopena.

He aha kāu e ʻike ai ma Tlos?

• E ʻimi i nā hale kupapaʻu pōhaku: E mākaʻikaʻi i nā halekupapaʻu pōhaku nani ʻo Lycian i kālai ʻia i loko o nā pali kū.
• ʻO ka hale keaka kahiko: E hoihoi i ka hale keaka i mālama pono ʻia a me kona mau hiʻohiʻona.
• ʻO ka pā kaua: E piʻi i luna i ka pā kaua a hauʻoli i nā hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha ma ke awāwa ʻo Xanthos.
• E ʻike i nā ʻauʻau a me nā luakini: E ʻimi i nā koena o nā ʻauʻau Roma a me ka luakini o Tlos.

Nā mākaʻikaʻi ma ke kūlanakauhale kahiko o Tlos

He kūlanakauhale kahiko ʻo Tlos ma Tureke a hāʻawi i nā ʻano hiʻona a me nā wahi mōʻaukala. Eia kekahi o nā mea hoihoi loa ma Tlos:

1. ʻO ka hale keaka kahiko: He hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Roma ko Tlos i kūkulu ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao puʻu. Hāʻawi ia i nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o nā wahi a puni a he wahi ia e hana ai nā ʻahamele a me nā hana.
2. Acropolis o Tlos: Aia ma kahi puʻu ma luna o ke kūlanakauhale nā ​​koena o ka Acropolis o Tlos. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā pā kahiko a me nā hale kiaʻi a hauʻoli i nā hiʻohiʻona nani o ke awāwa.
3. ʻO ka lua kupapaʻu o Bellerophon: ʻO kēia lua kupapaʻu pōhaku kamahaʻo kekahi o nā ʻāina kaulana loa o Tlos a ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ma muli o ke kiʻi moʻolelo ʻo Bellerophon. Ua kālai ʻia i loko o ka pōhaku a hāʻawi i kahi ʻano archaeological hoihoi.
4. Sarcophagi: Ma Tlos e ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻano sarcophagi kahiko a me nā hale kupapaʻu e hōʻike ana i nā hana kanu kanu o ka ʻāina.
5. ʻO ka pā o ke kūlanakauhale: Mālama maikaʻi ʻia nā pā o ke kūlanakauhale o Tlos a hōʻikeʻike i ka hoʻolālā pale mōʻaukala o ke kūlanakauhale.
6. Punawai Agalassos: He kumu hoʻohālike maikaʻi kēia punawai kahiko o ka ʻenehana lako wai o ke kūlanakauhale a hāʻawi i kahi oasis hōʻoluʻolu.
7. ʻO ka ʻauʻau o nā Tlos: He hale mōʻaukala hoihoi kēia hale ʻauʻau Roma e kipa aku ai.
8. ʻO nā necropolises: Aia ma kahi a puni ʻo Tlos he mau necropolises me nā lua kupapaʻu a me ka sarcophagi mai nā wā like ʻole.
9. ʻO ka muliwai ʻo Tlos: Hāʻawi ka muliwai ma Tlos i nā hiʻohiʻona nani a me nā manawa kūpono no ka pīniki a me ka hoʻomaha.
10. ʻO ke ʻano a puni ʻo Tlos: He nani nā wahi a puni o Tlos a hāʻawi i nā ala hele wāwae a me nā manawa no nā hana waho i kahi wahi nani.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ʻo Tlos no kāna mau wahi mōʻaukala, akā no kona wahi mauna kupaianaha a me ka manawa kūpono e leʻaleʻa i ka nani maoli o ka ʻāina. ʻO ka hui ʻana o ka moʻomeheu a me ke ʻano e lilo ai ʻo Tlos i wahi huakaʻi hoihoi ma Turkey.

ʻO ke komo ʻana, nā manawa wehe, nā tiketi a me nā huakaʻi

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā uku komo, nā manawa wehe a me nā ʻike e pili ana i nā huakaʻi alakaʻi ma ka pūnaewele official a i ʻole ke kikowaena malihini kipa ʻo Tlos. No ka mea hiki ke loli ka ʻike ma muli o ke kau, pono e kiʻi i ka ʻike hou loa ma mua o kou kipa ʻana.

komo:

• Na koina komo: Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka uku komo i Tlos a pono e nānā i nā kumukūʻai o kēia manawa ma ka pūnaewele a i ʻole me nā mea hoʻokele kaʻahele kūloko. Loaʻa pinepine nā uku no nā keiki, nā haumāna a me nā ʻelemakule.
• Kūʻai tiketi: Hiki ke kūʻai pololei ʻia nā tiketi ma ka puka o ka pūnaewele. I ka wā kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ​​hanana kūikawā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka puke ma mua e pale i nā manawa kali.

I wehe 'manawa:

• Kau wela: I nā mahina kau wela, wehe ʻia ke kahua mai ke kakahiaka nui a i ke ahiahi ahiahi.
• Wā hoʻoilo: Hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia nā hola wehe i nā mahina hoʻoilo. He manaʻo maikaʻi e nānā pono i nā manawa wehe ma mua o ke kipa ʻana.

Nā alakaʻi:

• Nā huakaʻi pilikino: Nui nā hui huakaʻi kūloko a me nā alakaʻi kūʻokoʻa e hāʻawi i nā huakaʻi pilikino. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea a hiki ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike kikoʻī a me ke komo ʻana i nā wahi i ʻike ʻole ʻia o ka pūnaewele.
• Nā huakaʻi hui: ʻO nā mākaʻikaʻi hui kahi koho ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a hāʻawi i ka manawa e kaʻana like i ka ʻike me nā mea huakaʻi ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa iā lākou i nā manawa paʻa.
• Nā huakaʻi alakaʻi iā ʻoe iho: No ka poʻe malihini e makemake e ʻimi i nā wahi i hoʻoneʻe ʻia iā lākou iho, hiki ke kipa iā Tlos me ke alakaʻi ʻole. Hāʻawi nā palapala ʻike a me nā hōʻailona ma ka pūnaewele i ka ʻike waiwai.

Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kūpono no kāu kipa ʻana

• ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa e kipa ai: ʻO ke kakahiaka nui a i ke ahiahi paha he kūpono ia e pale aku i ka lehulehu a hoʻohana i ka mālamalama māmā no nā kiʻi.
• Nā lole a me nā kāmaʻa: Pono nā kāma'a hō'olu'olu e like me ka 'ole o ka 'āina. E hoʻomanaʻo hoʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka lā a me ka wai, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ke kauwela.
• Kiʻi: Ua ʻae ʻia ke kiʻi no nā kumu pilikino, akā koi ʻia paha ka ʻae no nā pana ʻoihana.

Paena kūhelu a me ka ʻike o kēia manawa

No ka ʻike hou loa e pili ana i nā uku komo, nā hola wehe a me nā huakaʻi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, pono e nīnau i ka pūnaewele mana o ke kūlanakauhale kahiko o Tlos a i ʻole ka mana mākaʻikaʻi kūloko. Ma laila ʻoe e ʻike ai i ka ʻike kūikawā e pili ana i nā hanana, nā pani manawa pōkole a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻikeʻike kūikawā.

Nā mea hoʻokipa ma ia wahi

Aia kekahi mau wahi hoihoi a me nā wahi āu e kipa aku ai a puni ke kūlanakauhale kahiko o Tlos ma Turkey. Eia kekahi o lākou:

1. Saklıkent Gorge: Aia ma kahi kokoke i Tlos, hāʻawi kēia awāwa maikaʻi i ka manawa e hele ai ma waena o nā wai anuanu o ka mauna a e ʻimi i nā wahi kupaianaha.
2. Patara: He kūlanakauhale kahiko ʻo Patara a me nā mea koʻikoʻi archaeological kokoke i Tlos. Ma ʻaneʻi ʻoe e ʻike ai i nā koena o nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ʻauʻau ʻauʻau a me kahi alanui colonnaded kupaianaha. ʻO ke kahakai one lōʻihi o Patara kahi kūpono e kipa aku ai.
3. Xanthos: Ua kaulana kēia kūlanakauhale kahiko, he UNESCO World Heritage Site, no kona mau wahi mōʻaukala, me ka Nereid Monument a me ka Harpy Monument.
4. Letoon: He kahua hoʻomana koʻikoʻi ka Letoon o nā Lycians kahiko a he kahua hoʻoilina hoʻoilina o UNESCO. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kipa i nā luakini a me nā palapala ma aneʻi.
5. Pāka ʻo Yaka: Hāʻawi kēia paka kūlohelohe kokoke i Tlos i nā ala hele wāwae, nā wili wai a me nā loko hōʻoluʻolu kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻauʻau.
6. kahakai ʻo Çalış: ʻO ke kahakai ʻo Çalış ma ke Kai Aegean ma kahi o hoʻokahi hola kaʻa mai Tlos a he wahi maikaʻi loa ia e hoʻomaha a hauʻoli i ke kai.
7. Babadag: ʻO kēia mauna kokoke i Ölüdeniz he paradaiso no nā paragliders a hāʻawi i nā hiʻohiʻona nani o ke kahakai.
8. Oludeniz: Kaulana kēia kūlanakauhale kahakai no kona kahakai nani a me Belcekız Beach, ʻo ia kekahi o nā kahakai nani loa ma Turkey.
9. Fethiye: He wahi mākaʻikaʻi kaulana ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Fethiye a hāʻawi i nā hale kūʻai, nā hale ʻaina a me nā wahi mōʻaukala e like me ka Fethiye Museum a me Fethiye Amphitheater.
10. kāʻei: ʻIke ʻia kēia kauhale kokoke i Tlos no kāna hana kuʻuna a me ka lewa hoʻomaha.

Hāʻawi nā wahi a puni o Tlos i nā ʻano ʻike like ʻole, mai nā wahi kahiko a me nā wahi mōʻaukala i ka nani maoli a me nā hale hoʻokipa kai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i ka moʻomeheu waiwai a me ka mōʻaukala o kēia ʻāina ʻo Turkey me ka leʻaleʻa i nā hiʻohiʻona nani.

Nā kōkua no kāu kipa ʻana iā Tlos

• Nā kāmaʻa maikaʻi: Ua uhi ʻia nā wahi neoneo i kahi wahi nui me nā ala like ʻole.
• ʻO ka wai a me nā meaʻai: ʻOi aku i ke kauwela, pono ʻoe e lawa ka wai a me kahi mea e ʻai pū ai me ʻoe.
• Pahu paʻi kiʻi: Mai poina e lawe mai i kāu pahupaʻikiʻi no nā hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha a me nā hale mōʻaukala.
• E hoʻomaka mua: No ka pale ʻana i ka wela o ke awakea, pono e hoʻomaka i ke kakahiaka nui.

Hele i laila: Pehea ʻoe e hele ai i Tlos?

Aia ʻo Tlos kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Fethiye panalāʻau Muğla. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻea ma ke kaʻa, nā kaʻa kaʻa kūloko a i ʻole nā ​​​​kaʻahele i hoʻonohonoho ʻia mai Fethiye a i ʻole nā ​​kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe e pili ana. Aia nā ala ala a me nā wahi kaʻa ma kahi kokoke i ke kahua.

Ma ke kaʻa:

• Mai Fethiye: Aia ʻo Tlos ma kahi o 42 mau kilomita mai Fethiye. Hoʻokahi hola ka huakaʻi ma ka D400 a laila ma ke alanui ʻāina e alakaʻi pololei ana i Tlos.
• Mai nā wahi ʻē aʻe: Hiki ke loaʻa iā Tlos mai nā kūlanakauhale nui a me nā wahi mākaʻikaʻi. ʻO nā pili alanui i kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia e lilo ia i wahi maʻalahi no nā huakaʻi lā.

Ma ke kaʻa kaʻa:

• Nā dolmuşes kūloko (nā minibuses): Holo mau nā minibus mai ke kahua kaʻa kaʻa ma Fethiye a me nā kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe. He mea maʻalahi kēia mau lawelawe a holo pinepine i ka lā.
• Nā kumu aʻo: Mai nā kūlanakauhale nui e like me ʻO Antalya a i ʻole Izmir hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokele i nā kūlanakauhale kokoke e like me Fethiye a i Seydikemer a mai laila e hoʻomau i Tlos.

Nā huakaʻi alakaʻi:

• Nā huakaʻi puke: Hāʻawi ka nui o nā mea mākaʻikaʻi ma ka ʻāina i nā lā huakaʻi i Tlos. Hoʻokomo pinepine kēia mau mea i ka halihali, nā uku komo a i kekahi manawa he alakaʻi.

ʻIke nui no kou hōʻea ʻana

• Navigation: Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana i ka palapala ʻāina hou a i ʻole ka polokalamu GPS e ʻimi ai i ke ala maikaʻi loa, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e hoʻokele iā ʻoe iho.
• Paka: Aia kahi kaʻa ma ka puka o Tlos. Hiki iā ia ke paʻa i ka wā kiʻekiʻe, no laila pono e hōʻea koke.
• Ka manawa hele: E noʻonoʻo i ka manawa huakaʻi a me ka paʻa ʻana o nā kaʻa, ʻoi loa i nā wā hoʻomaha a i nā hopena pule.

ʻIke Tlos

ʻAʻole hāʻawi wale ke kūlanakauhale kahiko o Tlos i nā mea i hoʻoneʻe ʻia i ka mōʻaukala akā i nā wahi kūlohelohe maoli. Ke hōʻea ʻoe, e hoʻokaʻawale i ka manawa e leʻaleʻa i nā hiʻohiʻona a mahalo i ka maluhia mai nā kikowaena mākaʻikaʻi nui. Me ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi, lilo ka huakaʻi i Tlos i ʻāpana o ka huakaʻi!

Ka hopena: No ke aha ʻoe e kipa aku ai iā Tlos?

ʻAʻole wale ʻo Tlos he moʻolelo kupanaha, akā hāʻawi pū kekahi i nā hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha a me kahi ʻike poina ʻole o ka wā i hala. He wahi kūpono ia no ka poʻe aloha moʻolelo, nā mea hoʻokalakupua a me nā mea makemake e hoʻolulu iā lākou iho i loko o ka honua pohihihi o ka wā kahiko. Eia kekahi, he kiʻi kiʻi maikaʻi loa ia no kāu pou Instagram aʻe a he wahi e ʻike ai ʻoe i nā mea hoʻomanaʻo kūʻokoʻa e like me nā kope o nā mea kahiko kahiko. E hoʻopaʻa i kāu mau ʻeke, e kākau i kahi ʻoluʻolu Hotel a e hoʻomākaukau no ka huakaʻi i ka wā i hala!

wahi kūkahi: Tlos Ruins, Tlos Antik Kenti, Yakaköy, Saklıkent Yolu, 48850 Fethiye/Muğla, Türkiye