Mzinda Wakale wa Tlos: Chikhalidwe ndi Archaeology - 2024

Nchiyani chimapangitsa Tlos kukhala wofunikira pamndandanda wanu waulendo?

Mzinda wa Tlos, womwe ndi umodzi mwa mizinda yakale kwambiri komanso yochititsa chidwi kwambiri ku Lycian ku Turkey, ndi malo odziwika bwino kwambiri. Tangolingalirani kuyenda m’mabwinja amene amanena nkhani za zaka zikwi zambiri. Kuchokera kumanda a miyala ngati acropolis omwe amafika kumwamba mpaka kumalo osungiramo zisudzo zakale, Tlos ndi malo a zodabwitsa zakale.

Kodi nkhani ya Tlos ndi chiyani?

Wokhala m'nthawi ya Lycian, Roman ndi Byzantine, Tlos amadziwika chifukwa cha manda ake amiyala, manda a mikango komanso linga lapamwamba lamapiri. Malo ake abwino pamwamba pa Xanthos Valley adapangitsa kuti akhale membala wofunikira mu Lycian League. Mabwinja amafotokoza nkhani za ndewu za gladiator, zikhalidwe zakale komanso chuma chobisika.

Ndikuwona zakale za Lycia

Tlos ndi umodzi mwamizinda yakale kwambiri komanso yofunika kwambiri pachitukuko cha Lycian ndipo imayang'ana mmbuyo mbiri yosangalatsa yomwe idayamba zaka 4000 zapitazo. Unali umodzi wa mizinda isanu ndi umodzi ikuluikulu ya Likiya ndipo umadziwika kuti “mzinda wonyezimira wa paphiri” chifukwa cha malo ake akuluakulu ndi kukongola kwake.

Kukhazikika koyambirira ndi kufunikira

Kukhazikika koyamba ku Tlos kudayamba zaka za zana la 14 BC. BC. Mzindawu unkadziwika chifukwa cha mipanda yake yolimba komanso malo abwino kwambiri, omwe anathandiza kwambiri pankhondo za ku Lycian ndi Perisiya. Mzindawu unali wamphamvu komanso wamphamvu mkati mwa Lycian League, chitsanzo choyambirira cha mgwirizano wa demokalase m'nthawi zakale.

Heyday kalekale

Tlos anapitirizabe kuyenda bwino m’nthawi za Aroma. Mzindawu unali wotukuka, monga umboni wa manda ambiri okongoletsedwa ndi miyala, bwalo lamasewera ndi malo osambiramo. Manda okongola, kuphatikizapo manda otchuka a Bellerophon, adakalipo mpaka lero ndipo amapereka chidziwitso cha chikhulupiriro ndi luso la anthu a ku Lycians.

Tlos mu Nthawi za Byzantine ndi Post-Antique

Ufumu wa Roma utagwa, Tlos anakhala mbali ya Ufumu wa Byzantine. Mzindawu udakhalabe ndi moyo kwazaka zingapo usanachedwe pang'onopang'ono pakuwukira kwa Aarabu komanso kugonjetsa kwa Turkey. Komabe, idakhalabe ndi anthu mpaka m'zaka za zana la 19, kutsimikizira kutalika kwake ndi kufunika kwake.

Zofukulidwa zakale ndi maphunziro

Tlos tsopano ndi malo ofunika kwambiri ofukula mabwinja. Mabwinja aakulu, kuphatikizapo bwalo la zisudzo, malo osambira a masitediyamu, necropolis ndi tchalitchi cha Byzantine, amakopa akatswiri ndi alendo mofanana. Ntchito ndi kafukufuku ku Tlos zimathandizira kwambiri kumvetsetsa chikhalidwe ndi mbiri ya Lycian.

Tlos lero: Cholowa chachikhalidwe chamoyo

Malo a Tlos tsopano ndi umboni wamoyo wa zikhalidwe zakale ndipo amapatsa alendo mwayi wofufuza mozama mbiri yakale. Ndichitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha zomangamanga ku Lycian komanso kukonza kwamatauni ndipo ndikuyimira gwero losasinthika la chidziwitso cha mbiri yakale komanso cholowa cha chikhalidwe.

Mu Tlos, nthano ndi zenizeni, zakale ndi zamakono zimakumana pamodzi. Mlendo aliyense amene amayendayenda m'misewu yake yakale akhoza kumva zochitika za mbiri yakale ndikukhala mbali ya nkhani yaitali yomwe ili kutali ndi kuuzidwa mpaka mapeto ake.

Kodi mungakumane ndi chiyani ku Tlos?

• Onani manda a miyala: Onani manda akuluakulu a miyala ya ku Lycian osemedwa m’matanthwe oimirira.
• Kale Theatre: Chidwi ndi zisudzo zosungidwa bwino komanso mawonekedwe ake ochititsa chidwi.
• linga: Kwerani ku linga ndikusangalala ndi malingaliro opatsa chidwi pa chigwa cha Xanthos.
• Dziwani zosambira ndi akachisi: Onani zotsalira za malo osambira achi Roma ndi Kachisi wa Tlos.

Zowoneka bwino mumzinda wakale wa Tlos

Tlos ndi mzinda wakale ku Turkey ndipo uli ndi zokopa zosiyanasiyana komanso mbiri yakale. Nazi zina mwazosangalatsa kwambiri ku Tlos:

1. Kale Theatre: Tlos ali ndi zisudzo zaku Roma zochititsa chidwi zomwe zidamangidwa kumapiri. Amapereka malingaliro abwino a malo ozungulira ndipo ndi malo omwe ma concert ndi zisudzo zimachitika.
2. Acropolis of Tlos: Paphiri pamwamba pa mzindawo pali zotsalira za Acropolis ya Tlos. Mukhoza kufufuza makoma akale ndi nsanja ndikusangalala ndi malingaliro okongola a chigwachi.
3. Manda a Bellerophon: Manda odabwitsawa ndi amodzi mwa malo otchuka kwambiri a Tlos ndipo adatchedwa dzina la nthano ya Bellerophon. Izo chosemedwa mu thanthwe ndipo amapereka chidwi chochititsa chidwi ofukula zinthu zakale.
4. Sarcophagi: Ku Tlos mupeza mitundu yambiri yama sarcophagi ndi manda omwe amawonetsa maliro amderalo.
5. The city wall: Makoma a mzinda wa Tlos amasungidwa bwino ndikuwonetsa mbiri yakale yodzitchinjiriza ya mzindawu.
6. Chitsime cha Agalassos: Kasupe wakaleyu ndi chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha luso loperekera madzi mumzindawu ndipo amapereka malo otsitsimula.
7. Kusambira kwa Tlos: Nyumba yosambira yaku Roma iyi ndi nyumba yosangalatsa yoyendera.
8. Mitundu ya necropolis: M'dera lozungulira Tlos pali ma necropolises osiyanasiyana okhala ndi manda ndi sarcophagi kuyambira nthawi zosiyanasiyana.
9. Mtsinje wa Tlos: Mtsinje wodutsa ku Tlos umapereka malo okongola komanso mwayi wowonera komanso kupumula.
10. Chikhalidwe chozungulira Tlos: Dera lozungulira la Tlos ndi lowoneka bwino ndipo limapereka mayendedwe okwera ndi mwayi wochita zinthu zakunja pamalo okongola.

Tlos amadziwika osati chifukwa cha malo ake akale, komanso malo ake odabwitsa amapiri komanso mwayi wosangalala ndi kukongola kwachilengedwe kwa derali. Kusakanikirana kwa chikhalidwe ndi chilengedwe kumapangitsa Tlos kukhala malo osangalatsa opita ku Turkey.

Kuloledwa, nthawi yotsegulira, matikiti & maulendo

Mutha kupeza ndalama zenizeni zolowera, nthawi zotsegulira komanso zambiri zamaulendo otsogozedwa patsamba lovomerezeka kapena malo ochezera a Tlos. Popeza zambiri zimatha kusintha malinga ndi nyengo, ndi bwino kupeza zambiri zaposachedwa musanapite kukaona.

chikuonetseratu:

• Mtengo wolowera: Ndalama zolowera ku Tlos zitha kusiyanasiyana ndipo ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mitengo yomwe ilipo pa intaneti kapena ndi oyendera alendo. Kuchotsera nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwa ana, ophunzira ndi akuluakulu.
• Kugula matikiti: Matikiti amatha kugulidwa mwachindunji pakhomo la malowa. Panthawi yokwera kapena zochitika zapadera, ndi bwino kusungitsatu nthawi kuti mupewe nthawi yodikira.

Inayambira nthawi:

• Nthawi yachilimwe: M'miyezi yachilimwe, malowa nthawi zambiri amatsegulidwa kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo kapena madzulo.
• Nthawi ya dzinja: Maola otsegulira akhoza kufupikitsidwa m'miyezi yozizira. Ndikwabwino kuyang'ana nthawi yeniyeni yotsegulira musanapite.

Atsogoleri:

• Maulendo apayekha: Mabungwe ambiri apaulendo komanso owongolera odziyimira pawokha amapereka maulendo apayekha. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamunthu ndipo zimatha kupereka zambiri komanso mwayi wofikira madera osadziwika bwino a tsambali.
• Maulendo amagulu: Maulendo amagulu ndi njira yotsika mtengo ndipo amapereka mwayi wogawana chidziwitso ndi apaulendo ena. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka pa nthawi zoikika.
• Maulendo odzitsogolera: Kwa alendo omwe amakonda kufufuza mabwinja okha, ndizotheka kupita ku Tlos popanda wotsogolera. Mabulosha achidziwitso ndi zizindikiro patsamba limapereka chidziwitso chofunikira.

Malangizo othandiza paulendo wanu

• Nthawi yabwino yochezera: M'mawa kwambiri kapena madzulo ndi abwino kuti mupewe kuchulukana ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kocheperako pazithunzi.
• Zovala ndi nsapato: Nsapato zomasuka ndizofunikira chifukwa mtunda ukhoza kukhala wosagwirizana. Kumbukiraninso kuteteza dzuwa ndi madzi, makamaka m'chilimwe.
• Chithunzi: Kujambula kumaloledwa pazifukwa zachinsinsi, koma chilolezo chingafunike pazithunzi zamalonda.

Tsamba lovomerezeka komanso zambiri zaposachedwa

Kuti mudziwe zambiri zaposachedwa pazandalama zolowera, maola otsegulira komanso maulendo omwe mwakonzekera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyang'ane patsamba lovomerezeka la mzinda wakale wa Tlos kapena oyang'anira zokopa alendo. Kumeneko mudzapezanso zambiri zapadera zokhudza zochitika, kutsekedwa kwakanthawi kapena mawonetsero apadera.

Zokopa m'deralo

Palinso zokopa zina zingapo komanso malo omwe mungayendere kuzungulira mzinda wakale wa Tlos ku Turkey. Nazi zina mwa izo:

1. Saklıkent Gorge: Ili pafupi ndi Tlos, chigwa chochititsa chidwichi chimapereka mwayi wodutsa m'madzi ozizira amapiri ndikuwona malo odabwitsa.
2. Patara: Patara ndi mzinda wakale komanso zowunikira zakale pafupi ndi Tlos. Apa mupeza zotsalira za zisudzo, malo osambira komanso msewu wochititsa chidwi wokhala ndi mipanda. Gombe lalitali lamchenga la Patara ndiloyeneranso kuyendera.
3. Xanthos: Mzinda wakalewu, womwe ndi UNESCO World Heritage Site, ndiwotchuka chifukwa cha malo ake akale, kuphatikiza chipilala cha Nereid ndi chipilala cha Harpy.
4. Letoon: Letoon inali malo ofunikira achipembedzo cha anthu akale a ku Lycians komanso ndi malo a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Mutha kuyendera akachisi ndi zolemba pano.
5. Yaka Park: Paki yachilengedweyi pafupi ndi Tlos imapereka mayendedwe okwera, mphero zamadzi ndi maiwe otsitsimula komwe mutha kusambira.
6. Çalış Beach: Çalış Beach pa Nyanja ya Aegean ili pamtunda wa ola limodzi kuchokera ku Tlos ndipo ndi malo abwino oti mupumule komanso kusangalala ndi nyanja.
7. Babadag: Phiri ili pafupi ndi Ölüdeniz ndi paradiso wa paraglider ndipo limapereka malingaliro ochititsa chidwi a gombe.
8. Oludeniz: Tawuni ya m'mphepete mwa nyanjayi ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha nyanja yake yokongola komanso Belcekız Beach, yomwe ndi imodzi mwamagombe okongola kwambiri ku Turkey.
9. Fethiye: Mzinda wa Fethiye ndi wodziwika bwino kwa alendo ndipo umapereka mashopu, malo odyera ndi malo akale monga Fethiye Museum ndi Fethiye Amphitheatre.
10. lamba: Mudzi uwu womwe uli pafupi ndi Tlos umadziwika ndi zomangamanga komanso malo omasuka.

Malo ozungulira a Tlos amapereka zochitika zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira mabwinja akale ndi malo odziwika bwino mpaka kukongola kwachilengedwe komanso malo am'mphepete mwa nyanja amakono. Mutha kuwona zachikhalidwe komanso mbiri yakale ya dera lino la Turkey mukusangalala ndi malo opatsa chidwi.

Malangizo ochezera ku Tlos

• Nsapato zabwino: Mabwinjawo amaphimba dera lalikulu lokhala ndi njira zosagwirizana.
• Madzi ndi zokhwasula-khwasula: Makamaka m'chilimwe, muyenera kukhala ndi madzi okwanira ndi chakudya ndi inu.
• Kamera: Osayiwala kubweretsa kamera yanu kuti muwone zowoneka bwino komanso mbiri yakale.
• Yambani msanga: Pofuna kupewa kutentha kwa masana, ndi bwino kuyamba kumayambiriro kwa tsiku.

Kukafika kumeneko: Mumafika bwanji ku Tlos?

Tlos ili pafupi ndi mzinda wa Fethiye chigawo Mugala. Mutha kufika pagalimoto, mabasi am'deralo kapena maulendo okonzedwa kuchokera ku Fethiye kapena mizinda ina yapafupi. Pali misewu yokhala ndi zikwangwani komanso malo oyimika magalimoto pafupi ndi malowa.

Pagalimoto:

• Pulogalamu: Fethiye Tlos ili pamtunda wa makilomita 42 kuchokera ku Fethiye. Ulendowu umatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi pamsewu wa D400 kenako mumsewu wakumidzi womwe umalowera ku Tlos.
• Kuchokera kumadera ena: Tlos imapezekanso kuchokera kumizinda ina yayikulu komanso malo oyendera alendo. Malumikizidwe amisewu opangidwa bwino amapangitsa kuti pakhale malo ofikirako oyenda masana.

Pa basi:

• Ma dolmuşes am'deralo (maminibasi): Mabasi ang'onoang'ono amayenda pafupipafupi kuchokera kokwerera basi ku Fethiye ndi matauni ena apafupi. Ntchitozi ndizotsika mtengo ndipo zimayendetsedwa kangapo patsiku.
• Makochi: Kuchokera kumizinda yayikulu ngati Antalya kapena Izmir mutha kupitanso kumizinda yapafupi monga Fethiye kapena Seydikemer ndipo kuchokera pamenepo pitilizani ku Tlos.

Maulendo owongoleredwa:

• Maulendo owerengera: Ambiri ogwira ntchito zokopa alendo m'derali amapereka maulendo opita ku Tlos. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo mayendedwe, ndalama zolowera komanso nthawi zina kalozera.

Zofunikira pakufika kwanu

• Navigation: Ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mapu amakono kapena pulogalamu ya GPS kuti mupeze njira yabwino, makamaka ngati mukuyendetsa nokha.
• Paki: Pakhomo la Tlos pali malo oyimikapo magalimoto. Itha kukhala yotanganidwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri, choncho ndi bwino kufika msanga.
• Nthawi yoyenda: Ganizirani za nthawi yoyenda komanso kuchulukana kwa magalimoto komwe kungachitike, makamaka panthawi yatchuthi kapena kumapeto kwa sabata.

Zokumana nazo

Mzinda wakale wa Tlos sumangopereka mabwinja akale komanso malo achilengedwe ochititsa chidwi. Mukafika, khalani ndi nthawi yosangalala ndi malowa ndikuyamikira bata kutali ndi malo akuluakulu oyendera alendo. Ndikukonzekera bwino, ulendo wopita ku Tlos umakhala gawo laulendo!

Kutsiliza: Chifukwa chiyani muyenera kupita ku Tlos?

Tlos sizodabwitsa chabe za mbiri yakale, komanso amapereka malingaliro ochititsa chidwi komanso zochitika zosaiŵalika zakale. Ndi malo abwino kwambiri kwa okonda mbiri yakale, okonda masewera komanso aliyense amene akufuna kumizidwa m'dziko lachinsinsi lakale. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri wojambula patsamba lanu lotsatira la Instagram komanso malo omwe mungapeze zikumbutso zapadera ngati zojambula zopangidwa ndi manja zakale. Longetsani zikwama zanu, sungani zabwino Hotel ndipo konzekerani ulendo wam'mbuyomu!

adiresi: Tlos Ruins, Tlos Antik Kenti, Yakaköy, Saklıkent Yolu, 48850 Fethiye/Muğla, Türkiye