IPergamoni kwakuyidolobha lasendulo lamaGreki eduze nogu olusentshonalanga ye-Asia Minor eTurkey yanamuhla, cishe amakhilomitha angu-80 enyakatho yeSmirna (i-Izmir yanamuhla). Itholakala esifundazweni saseBergama, iPergamoni, eyake yaba idolobha lasendulo endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi iTurkey, iyindawo eyingqayizivele egcwele umlando namasiko. Lake laba isikhungo esibalulekile samasiko amaGreki neRoma, leli dolobha lasendulo linikeza izivakashi izinto ezikhangayo ezihlukahlukene ukuze zizihlole.
Umlando wasePhergamu
IPhergamu yasungulwa ngekhulu lesi-3 BC. Yasungulwa ngekhulu lokuqala BC futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yathuthukiswa yaba enye yezikhungo ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-Hellenism. Laziwa ngemitapo yolwazi ebalulekile, izinkundla zemidlalo yaseshashalazini namathempeli, leli dolobha laliyindawo yokuhweba ebalulekile yokuhwebelana ngokobuhlakani namasiko.
Ngekhulu lesi-2 B.C. IPergamoni yaba yingxenye yoMbuso WaseRoma futhi yabhekana nokuchuma kwayo njengesikhungo samasiko nengokomoya. Izakhiwo eziningi ezidumile zedolobha, njenge-altare lasePhergamoni, zakhiwa futhi zavuselelwa phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Ngemva kokuwa koMbuso WaseRoma, iPhergamu lehla ngokubaluleka, kodwa leli dolobha lasendulo lalondoloza izakhiwo eziningi ezihlaba umxhwele, okwenza izivakashi zibone amazwibela omlando ocebile namasiko aleli dolobha.
Izindawo zokudlela ezihamba phambili zasePhergamoni
- I-altare lasePhergamoni: I-altare lasePhergamoni lingesinye sezakhiwo ezidume kakhulu zasePhergamoni kanye nomsebenzi wobuciko wobuciko wasendulo, owakhiwa ngekhulu lesi-2 BC. kwakhiwa. eyakhelwe. Ingenye yezinto zakudala ezigcinwe kahle futhi ibonisa ubuhle bobuciko bezakhiwo zasendulo zamaGreki.
- I-Asklepion: I-Asklepion yake yaba isikhungo esikhulu sokuphulukisa, indawo engcwele yabagulayo nabalimele. Yaziwa ngamabhati ayo ashisayo ahlaba umxhwele, amathempeli nezinkundla zemidlalo yaseshashalazini ezinikeza amazwibela emlandweni wemithi yasendulo.
- Ithiyetha: Ithiyetha yasePhergamu yayingelinye lamathiyetha amakhulu futhi ahlaba umxhwele kakhulu eGreece yasendulo elinomthamo wababukeli abangafika ku-10.000. Ingenye yetiyetha egcinwe kahle kakhulu yaseGreece yasendulo futhi okufanele ibonwe kunoma ngubani onentshisekelo kuzakhiwo zasendulo namasiko.
- Ithempeli lika-Athena: Ithempeli lika-Athena ePhergamu laliyisikhungo senkolo esibalulekile esasungulwa ngekhulu lesi-2 BC. kwakhiwa. kwakhiwa. Njengoba yaziwa ngezinsika zayo ezinhle kakhulu nezakhiwo zayo ezinhle, inikeza umbono wemikhuba yenkolo yasendulo.
- Ijimu: Ijimu elisePhergamoni iyindawo ebalulekile yemfundo nezemidlalo. Lapha, izingane kanye nabantu abasha bafunda izifundo ezindala ezifana nezibalo, ifilosofi nemibhalo.
Amathiphu okuvakasha kwakho ePergamoni
- Zinike isikhathi esanele: IPergamoni inokuningi ongakuthola. Chitha okungenani uhhafu wosuku noma usuku olugcwele uhlola idolobha nezikhumbuzo zalo zasendulo.
- Gqoka izingubo nezicathulo ezinethezekile: Izinto eziningi ezikhangayo ePergamoni zingaphandle futhi zidinga ukuhamba kancane. Gqoka izingubo nezicathulo ezinethezekile ukuze uzizwe ukhululekile futhi uzethemba lapho uhamba.
- Bhukha uhambo oluqondisiwe: Ukuvakasha okuqondisiwe kungakusiza ufunde kabanzi mayelana nomlando namasiko asePergamoni futhi uqonde kangcono izindawo ezibukwayo. Baningi abaqondisi bendawo abanikeza izinkambo eziqondisiwe.
- Vakashela i-Archaeological Museum: I-Archaeological Museum yaseBergama ineqoqo elikhulu lobuciko basendulo nezinto zobuciko ezivela ePhergamu. Lokhu kuyadingeka kunoma ngubani onentshisekelo kwezobuciko nomlando wasendulo.
Ngingafika kanjani ePhergamu?
Izivakashi zingafika ePergamoni ngemoto noma ngebhasi. Idolobha laseBergama, lapho iPergamoni ikhona, lifinyelelwa kalula ngebhasi noma ngesitimela, futhi kunenkonzo yamabhasi evamile eya ePhergamoni.
Gäste, die mit dem Auto anreisen, können am Flughafen Izmir oder in Bergama ein Auto mieten. Es gibt auch Taxis und Dolmuses (lokale Sammeltaxis) zwischen Bergama und Pergamon.
Izimali zokungena namahora okuvula edolobha lasendulo lasePergamon, Türkiye
Izindleko zokungena ezikhangayo zasePergamoni ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokukhangwa. Isibonelo, amathikithi okuya Etiyetha Yasendulo abiza cishe ama-lira angu-15 (i-Turkish lira), kuyilapho amathikithi okuya eMnyuziyamu wasePergamon abiza cishe ama-lira angu-40. Kuyafaneleka ukuhlola iwebhusayithi esemthethweni noma ideskithophu lemininingwane lendawo ngezintengo zamanje kanye nezaphulelo ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuvakasha kwakho.
Amahora okuvula okukhangayo ePergamoni angahluka kuye ngesikhathi sonyaka kanye nosuku lweviki. Ngokuvamile, izindawo ezikhangayo zivuliwe ngoMsombuluko kuya ngoMgqibelo kusukela ngo-9: 00 ekuseni kuya ku-17: 00 ntambama futhi zivalwa ngeSonto. Amahora okuvula angahluka ngamaholide noma ngezikhathi ezikhethekile. Ngaphambi kokuvakasha kwakho, hlola iwebhusayithi esemthethweni noma ideskithophu lemininingwane elikusayithi ukuze uthole izikhathi zokuvula zamanje.
Imibuzo eyi-10 evame ukubuzwa nezimpendulo mayelana nePergamon Idolobha Lasendulo ETurkey: Konke Odinga Ukukwazi
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Ukuphi umuzi wasendulo wasePhergamu?
Idolobha lasendulo lasePhergamoni liseTurkey yanamuhla, entshonalanga yezwe eduze nedolobha laseBergama.
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Ngubani owabusa iPhergamu ngesikhathi sokudlondlobala kwayo?
IPergamoni yafinyelela ukubaluleka kwayo okukhulu esikhathini sokudlondlobala kwayo ngaphansi kokubusa komndeni wasebukhosini wozalo luka-Attalid.
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Yasungulwa nini iPhergamu?
Ukusungulwa kwePhergamu kuhlehlela emuva ekhulwini lesi-3 BC. emuva.
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Isiphi isakhiwo esidume kakhulu ePhergamoni?
Isakhiwo esidume kakhulu ePhergamoni iThempeli lase-Athena, indawo yokukhulekela ebabazekayo enikezelwe kunkulunkulu wasendulo wamaGreki u-Athena.
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Imaphi amagugu emivubukulo abaluleke kakhulu ePhergamoni?
Ingcebo eyinhloko yemivubukulo ePhergamu yiThempeli lika-Athena, i-Gymnasium, iTheatre, i-Acropolis kanye neZiggurat Terraces.
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Ungavakashela nini ePergamoni?
I-Pergamon ingavakashelwa unyaka wonke. Kodwa-ke, kuyanconywa ukuhamba phakathi nezinyanga ezipholile ukuze uthole isipiliyoni esimnandi sokubona indawo.
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Ungafika kanjani ePhergamoni?
Izivakashi eziningi ziya e-Izmir ngendiza bese ziqhubekela ePergamoni ngebhasi noma ngemoto eqashiwe. Kukhona futhi ukuxhumana kwesitimela namabhasi kusuka kwezinye izingxenye zaseTurkey.
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Imaphi amathiphu angcono kakhulu wokuvakashela ePergamoni?
Amathiphu aphezulu okuvakasha e-Pergamoni ukuvumela isikhathi esanele sokubona yonke into, ukugqoka izicathulo ezinethezekile, ukucwaninga izindlela ezihlukene zokuthutha kusengaphambili, futhi ubhukhe uhambo oluqondisiwe noma umhlahlandlela wendawo ukuze ukusebenzise ngokugcwele ukuvakasha kwakho .
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Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindawo ongazivakashela eduze kwasePergamoni?
Yebo, ziningi ezinye izindawo ezikhangayo eduze kwasePhergamoni okufanele uzivakashele njenge-Efesu yasendulo, iHierapholi neziphethu zayo ezishisayo neMilethu yasendulo enomlando wayo njengomunye wamakoloni amadala amaGreki. Ukuvakashela lezi zindawo kunikeza ithuba lokufunda kabanzi ngomlando namasiko esifunda.
Kafushane, idolobha lasendulo lasePhergamoni linikeza izivakashi umbono oyingqayizivele ngomlando namasiko eGrisi lasendulo. Njengoba inezakhiwo ezihlaba umxhwele ezifana neThempeli lase-Athena neColosseum, imibono yalo ehlaba umxhwele kanye nengcebo eningi yemivubukulo, iPergamoni iyindawo okufanele ibonwe kunoma ubani onentshisekelo yomlando wasendulo nezakhiwo. Indawo ongasoze wayikhohlwa yokuhamba.
Ngokuhlela nokulungiselela kahle, ukuvakashela ePhergamoni kungaba okuhlangenwe nakho engingasoze ngakukhohlwa. Cabanga ngalokho ofuna ukukubona, vumela isikhathi esanele sokubona nokuzwa yonke into, futhi ucwaninge ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuthutha ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi unohambo olungcono kakhulu ongaluthola ePhergamu.
