Izakhiwo zeMbali Isikhokelo saseTurkey

I-Phellos sisixeko sakudala kumbindi weLycia, ngoku esikufuphi ne-Çukurbağ kwiphondo laseTurkey lase-Antalya. Amabhodlo esixeko sakudala sasePhellos abekwe kwilali yaseFellen-Yayla, malunga neemitha ezingama-950 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle, kumantla mpuma eKaş (Antiphellos), ukusuka kwindawo yokuhlala yaseAğullu eDemre ukuya eÇukurbağ-Kas ukufikelela uhola wendlela. IPhellos sisixeko samandulo saseTurkey esinembali yeenkulungwane zakudala. Ngembali yayo enomdla kunye nezinto ezininzi ezinomtsalane, iPhellos kufuneka ibonwe kuye nabani na onomdla kwimbali yaseTurkey kunye nempucuko yayo yakudala. Kwesi sikhokelo sohambo...

IHierapolis yayisisixeko samandulo samaGrike kwingingqi yaseFrigiya eAsia Minor (iTurkey yanamhlanje, kwiinduli ezingasentla kwePamukkale) kwiNtlambo yaseFrigiya yeHermos indlela esuka eSardesi ukuya eApamea kumda weNtili yeLycastle. Wamkelekile eHierapolis, esinye sezona zixeko zakudala zinomdla eTurkey. Apha uya kufumana imbali etyebileyo, amabhodlo anomtsalane kunye neendawo ezintle zomhlaba. Kwesi sikhokelo sohambo sikuxelela ngembali yesixeko, sikwazisa kwezona ndawo zibalulekileyo kwaye sikunika iingcebiso ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufika apho. Imbali yeHierapolis Isixeko samandulo saseHierapolis, esaziwa ngokuba “sisiXeko esiNgcwele,” sasekwa ngenkulungwane yesi-2 BC. Yakhiwe. KwiFrigian...

IMileto (iMiletos), ekwabizwa ngokuba yiPalatia (AmaXesha Aphakathi) neBalat (AmaXesha Anamhlanje), yayisisixeko samandulo kunxweme olusentshona yeAsia Minor kwindawo ngoku ebizwa ngokuba yiTurkey. Ukhenketho lwaseTurkey lunika ithuba lokujonga ezinye zezona ndawo zibalaseleyo zehlabathi zakudala. Enye yezi sisixeko sakudala saseMileto, esasisakuba sisixeko esibalulekileyo sorhwebo kwaye ngoku siyindawo ethandwayo kwabo banomdla kwimbali nakwinkcubeko. Imbali yeMileto Isixeko sakudala saseMileto sasekwa ngenkulungwane yesi-7 BC. Yasekwa ngenkulungwane yoku-XNUMX BC, yayisesinye sezona zixeko zibalulekileyo zokurhweba eAsia Minor. Isixeko yayiliziko elibalulekileyo lezorhwebo nenkcubeko, elibonakala kwiitempile zaso ezininzi, iithiyetha kunye neebhafu. UMileto naye waye...

IPergamon yayisisixeko samandulo samaGrike kufutshane nonxweme olusentshona lweAsia Minor kwiTurkey yanamhlanje, malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-80 kumntla weSmirna (iIzmir yanamhlanje). Ifumaneka kwiphondo laseBergama, ePergamon, eyayisakuba sisixeko sakudala kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yiTurkey ngoku, yindawo ekhethekileyo ezele yimbali nenkcubeko. Nje ukuba libe liziko elibalulekileyo lenkcubeko yamaGrike kunye neRoma, isixeko sakudala sibonelela abakhenkethi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokujonga. Imbali yePergamon yasePergamon yasekwa ngenkulungwane yesi-3 BC. Yasekwa kwinkulungwane yokuqala ye-BC kwaye ekuhambeni kwexesha yaphuhliswa yaba yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo ze-Hellenism. Iyaziwa ngamathala eencwadi abalulekileyo, iithiyetha kunye neetempile,...

Fumana olona hambo lulungileyo losuku ukusuka eKusadasi. Funda ngezona ndawo zinomtsalane kunye nezinto ezenziwayo kule ndawo, kubandakanya i-Efese, iPriene, iMileto, iDidyma, iPamukkale kunye nePergamo. Ezinye izindululo zohambo lwemini ukusuka eKusadasi zezi: E-Efese: Esinye sezona zixeko zamandulo zigcinwe kakuhle ehlabathini, ezimi malunga neekhilomitha ezili-15 ukusuka eKusadasi. Apha unokubona amabhodlo anomtsalane esi sixeko, kuquka iThala leencwadi laseCelsus, iSango likaHadrian kunye neholo yemidlalo yeqonga. ePriene, eMileto, eDidyma: Ezi zixeko zintathu zamandulo zimi kufuphi ne-Efese yaye zikwafanele ukutyelelwa. IPriene yayisesinye sezona zixeko zidala zamaGrike, iMileto yayisisixeko esibalulekileyo esinezibuko e...